Everyone has heard a bad colonoscopy story sometime and a lot of people are nervous about having this test done. I'd like to give you some history, so you have some understanding..
Lets put aside for now the days of rigid sigmoidoscopy, It's rarely used today.
If you go back about 25 years or so, flexible colonoscopes were a fairly new thing.. they relied on fiber optics to bring the light down to the tip, and the image back to an eye piece on the handle of the scope. These scopes were about as big around as my thumb, and were heavy. Glass fiber bundles will bend, to some degree, but really don't go around corners all that well. To some degree, the scope wasn't snaked through your colon, your colon was manipulated over the scope. NOT COMFORTABLE. The sedation given back then would make you groggy and make you forget the discomfort, but after watching a few of these, it was obviously not a comfortable thing to go through. The prep back then was hell, too.
Go forward a few years, and the CCD camera chips made the imaging part of this much smaller. Instead of a bundle of glass fibers for the image, the camera was at the tip of the scope. There were thin wires in the scope connecting the camera to its related electronics (which were NOT small, but not going inside you, either..) The light at the tip though, still came from a projector lamp through two fiber optic bundles. Better.. the scopes could bend more, and the scopes were lighter. Studies were done showing that patients who had the procedure without sedation may not have been comfortable, but they didn't think it was TOO bad.
We now have scopes with high intensity LED's at the tip for light, and CCD or optical diode array chip cameras at the tip. MUCH more flexible, and MUCH lighter, and MUCH more comfortable. Compared to their early fiber optic predecessors, they have much higher resolution and are able to pick up smaller polyps and other issues.
Awaiting FDA approval is a scope that has a 360 degree camera and advances itself into the colon. Early studies say this is MUCH more comfortable then conventional scopes. Hopefully it'll get approved and they manufacture them within my lifetime.
Colonically Historical,
Doc