I live In the UK and no exam is required for a 'Car' licence here, just a few simple questions on the application form, you would however have to declare certain serious conditions if they occur.
For 'Commercial' vehicles a Doctors exam is necessary before the Driving test, every 5 years when you reach the age of 45 and every year after you become 65. This is the form the Doctor uses -
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/369458/D4_160414.pdf
My GP did the first exam which was very thorough. After the prelims and vitals were done by the nurse, I went into the Doctor who instructed me to take everything off except my underpants (blue and white briefs - I remember it well), he checked me all over, having to take my briefs down whilst standing in front of him, to be 'checked down there', that was nearly 30 years ago.
The repeat exams I have had since then were nothing like that, the most I have taken off was my shirt and sometimes just lift it up to sound my chest, no getting naked like the first exam.
Oh how times have changed.