Starting when my sisters and I were toddlers, Mom usually used her hairbrush paddle. It was not actually a hairbrush. It had no bristles on either side. It had only ONE purpose! It was a paddle that turned the pale white bare bottoms of her naughty children (and somtimes her naughty Husband), anywhere from a warm pink to a hot glowing scarlet. The ritual was simple. We were either told to, 1> "Go fetch the "hairbrush paddle" and wait for me!", or 2> "Go fetch the "hairbrush paddle" and bring it to me!" In EITHER case, this meant to go to our parents' bedroom to fetch the paddle from atop her dresser, undress (leaving on only underpants/panties, and bras). Then, either wait in the bedroom or go find her in another location (which usually meant public cornertime in that room/location), to receive a lecture and then have underpants/panties removed for a trip over Mom's lap.
The hairbrush remained pretty effective throughout our childhood (including our tween and teen years), but as with most tween/teen kids, my sisters and I eventually tested Mom's limits, and the limits of our bare bottoms to withstand the hairbrush paddle, and still remain defiant. When she felt that a more painful lesson was required, she would send us to the apple orchard, just beyond our back yard, to fetch (cut and peel) apple switches. The ritual was similar to the hairbrush paddle ritual, but the naughty child(ren) did not strip until he/she/they returned from the apple orchard, and (after cornertime) would assume a standing-but-bent-over position, with palms flat on the seat of the spanking chair. Mom would then dispasionately inflict as many stripes as she felt necessary.
Mom had one additional disciplinary option available to her (either instead-of or in-addition-to her punishments), which was the most severe and reserved for the naughtiest naughtiness... if/when she felt that her child/children needed very strict and severe correction... she would tell us to, "Prepare for an appointment with your Father!". This meant to strip completely nude and start cornertime in the dining room. When Dad noticed (usually, upon arriving home from work) a naked child (or naked chldren) in the corner(s), he would go discuss the circumstances with Mom (to understand the nature of the misbehavior) and then instruct the naughty child(ren) to go the his workshop and wait for him.
Dad had carpenter's rulers (straight edges) of various lengths, and two thick/wide leather straps of different lengths hanging on the wall. And, if he felt that the ultimate price needed to be paid for VERY rebellious disobedience, disrepect, and/or dishonesty, he would tell the VERY naughty family members (children, and/or sometimes his naughty Wife), to... "Go fetch (cut and peel) a river willow switch!".
... I posted these photos several years ago...
https://en.zity.biz/index.php?mx=gallery;ox=showalbum;ax=9762
The river was also just beyond our backyard, runing along the apple orchard. We lived on several acres of ranch/farm land, so there was really no chance that anybody other than a family member, or very close family friend, would see a naked tween/teen/wife walking to/from the river to fetch a switch. The ritual was simple... a lecture, and then a trip over Dad's sawhorse for the implement(s) of severe correction/training to be dispasionately administered.
After punishment, another short lecture while the tears were still flowing, ususually ending with something like, "What do you have to say for yourself?" And, the expected response was something like... "It was very naughty of me to steal Katie's candy and then lie to cover it up. I'm sorry. Please forgive me. And, thank you for disciplining me."
After a humble confession, and acceptng of painful consequences, the recipient(s) of punishment would be forgiven, comforted, reminded how much they are loved, and reminded that PAST-IS-PAST and we can avoid receiving this type of discipline (red/sore bottoms and/or stripes/welts across our bottoms) by having SELF-discipline in the future!