The original historic claim for 'disease prevention' was of course prevention of masturbation.
The obsession with masturbation causing disease and moral and physical degeneracy started in the late 18th century with a Swiss doctor, Samuel-Auguste Tissot (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel-Auguste_Tissot).
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from wikipedia
A well reputed Calvinist Protestant neurologist, physician, professor . . . .
In 1760, he published L'Onanisme, his own comprehensive medical treatise on the purported ill-effects of masturbation.[3] Citing case studies of young male masturbators amongst his patients in Lausanne as basis for his reasoning, Tissot argued that semen was an "essential oil" and "stimulus" that, when lost from the body in great amounts, would cause "a perceptible reduction of strength, of memory and even of reason; blurred vision, all the nervous disorders, all types of gout and rheumatism, weakening of the organs of generation, blood in the urine, disturbance of the appetite, headaches and a great number of other disorders."
His treatise was presented as a scholarly, scientific work in a time when experimental physiology was practically nonexistent.
First, you cannot trust the scientific or medical writings by anyone reputed to be a religious something or other.
Second, the wikipedia statement
His treatise was presented as a scholarly, scientific work in a time when experimental physiology was practically nonexistent.
pretty much tells it all. His writings are of an ignorant person who did not know what he did not know.
The old Islamic writings did purport health benefits.
The Jews do NOT circumcise for health reasons or to limit masturbation. It was purely religious practice.
Why Do Jews Circumcise?
Genesis 17, 10-14: "This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; every man child among you shall be circumcised."
Jews circumcise due to some Biblical principles stating that it is the covenant to be kept between the Jews and God. It is the very essence of Judaism. It is symbolic of their tie with God and with Abraham. It is a command that is compulsory for them to follow and is practiced as a tradition by Jews. Circumcision is considered one of the foremost commandments for the Jews, surpassing even the feast day commandments of Shabbat and Yom Kippur or the Day of Atonement. Only on those two feast days should it not be carried out. In the Nazi era, it was a sign to the Nazis that a male child was Jewish and could lead to execution; in spite of this, they still carried it out, even if they were in a Nazi labor camp. It isn't conceivable to a Jew to not carry out this commandment.